The Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Renji Hospital was established in 1949. It is a National Drug Clinical Research Base (Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery specialty), a Shanghai Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Residency Standardized Training Base, and a committee member unit of the Shanghai Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Quality Control Center. It is also the deputy director unit of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; the deputy director unit of the Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and the Institute of Otology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; a standing committee member unit of the Otorhinolaryngology Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association; the vice president unit of the Otorhinolaryngology Branch of the Shanghai Medical Doctor Association; the head unit of the Head and Neck Group, the head unit of the Rhinology Group, and the head unit of the Voice Group of the Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Branch of the Shanghai Medical Association. Currently, the department maintains regular academic exchanges with Johns Hopkins Hospital (USA), the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (USA), Temple University Hospital (USA), Oregon Health & Science University (USA), and Paris Diderot University (France). The successive directors of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology are: Mao Chengyue, He Yongzhao, Jin Ximing, Zhao Jiyu, Wang Jiayu, Zhou Liang, Wang Jiadong, and Li Jiping. The Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Renji Hospital has strong clinical capabilities, with outpatient and emergency visit volumes and surgical volumes among the leading ranks of comprehensive hospitals in China. In 1965, the department was the first in China to perform tympanoplasty type III; in the 1960s, it published China's first audiology monograph, "Introduction to Audiology"; since the 1980s, it has carried out diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome; in 1990, it successfully performed the first acoustic neuroma resection; in 1991, it was the first in China to perform cricohyoidoepiglottopexy for the treatment of laryngeal cancer, and the related achievements won the Third Prize of Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Award; since 1990, it has carried out thyroid and parathyroid surgery, and simultaneously performed surgery for parotid gland, submandibular gland tumors, and tongue cancer; since 1991, it was among the earlier institutions in China to carry out functional endoscopic sinus surgery, bringing the concepts of minimally invasive, refined, and nasal function-preserving approaches into the field of nasal disease treatment, and continuously expanding nasal-orbital and nasal-skull base related endoscopic surgery. The department carries out diagnosis and treatment of severe diseases such as otorhinolaryngologic tumors, and performs various surgeries including advanced laryngeal cancer, tonsillar cancer, and nasal cavity skull base tumors. At the same time, it continuously standardizes and optimizes minimally invasive surgery, forming diagnostic and treatment teams for pharyngeal and laryngeal tumor minimally invasive surgery, endoscopic sinus surgery, and endoscopic ear surgery for middle ear surgery. Starting in 2013, the department was the first in China to carry out otorhinolaryngology day surgery and day-return surgery, shortening patients' hospital stay as much as possible while ensuring medical quality, and achieving positive social response. Through the unremitting efforts of several generations, the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Renji Hospital has established a disciplinary development platform featuring minimally invasive surgery for nasal diseases and nasal skull base diseases as its specialty, with multiple sub-specialties advancing together, including endoscopic ear surgery, endoscopic pharyngeal and laryngeal surgery, sleep apnea syndrome, allergic rhinitis, vertigo diseases, audiological diseases, and otorhinolaryngologic tumors. Adhering to the service philosophy of "patient-centered care," the department was among the earlier institutions in China to establish a multidisciplinary team diagnosis and treatment model for otorhinolaryngologic tumors, greatly improving the quality of life and survival rate of patients with intermediate and advanced tumors. The department has successively undertaken multiple projects including those funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission Fund, Shanghai Municipal Education Commission Fund, and Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Fund, and has received the Ministry of Health Science and Technology Progress Award, Ministry of Education Science and Technology Achievement Award, Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Award, and Shanghai Medical Science and Technology Award. The department regularly holds academic activities such as the "New Theories and Advances in Minimally Invasive Otorhinolaryngology Surgery Training Course," "Renji Rhinology Forum," and "Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Skills Training Course." In the past decade, it has annually held a series of science popularization and free clinic activities such as "Love Your Nose Day," "Love Your Ears Day," "Voice Day," and "Sleep Day." It has published more than 10 monographs and completed one Ministry of Health audio-visual teaching material for otorhinolaryngology.