The Department of Anesthesiology was founded in 1965 and is a primary clinical department integrating clinical practice, education, and research. It has established subspecialties in clinical anesthesiology, critical care medicine (ICU), and pain medicine, covering a wide range of fields including clinical anesthesia, critical illness monitoring and treatment, emergency resuscitation, and pain management. The department has a well-established management system, a high-quality professional team, and advanced medical equipment, and enjoys a prestigious reputation in the field of obstetric and gynecological anesthesia. As the leading discipline for "comfortable healthcare" and a key discipline ensuring medical safety in the hospital, the Department of Anesthesiology provides surgical anesthesia and analgesic treatment for gynecology, obstetrics, reproductive medicine, family planning, and breast surgery. Among these, high-risk obstetric anesthesia, labor analgesia, ambulatory surgery anesthesia, and anesthesia pain clinic have distinct subspecialty characteristics. Anesthesia methods include general anesthesia, neuraxial anesthesia, and nerve block anesthesia. Over the years, the department has accumulated extensive clinical experience in clinical anesthesia, critical illness monitoring and treatment (ICU), and pain management. The department is equipped with excellent hardware and advanced medical equipment, including advanced anesthesia machines, electrocardiographic monitoring, autologous blood recovery machines, thromboelastography analyzers, blood gas analyzers, ultrasound, fiberoptic bronchoscopes, electroencephalographic monitoring, neuromuscular monitoring, temperature monitoring, and cardiac function monitoring. In clinical anesthesia, techniques such as target-controlled infusion, depth of anesthesia monitoring, blood gas analysis, and neuromuscular monitoring are widely applied. For critically ill cases, new technologies such as autologous blood transfusion, thromboelastography analysis, and non-invasive cardiac output monitoring are proficiently utilized. The department currently has 26 anesthesiologists, including 1 chief physician, 9 associate chief physicians, and 12 attending physicians. Among them, there are 3 doctoral degree holders and 2 master's supervisors, with over 70% holding a master's degree or above. As one of the first batch of national pilot hospitals for labor analgesia, the Shanghai Specialist Physician Standardized Training Base for Obstetric Anesthesia, and the leading unit of the Obstetric Anesthesia Group of the Shanghai Medical Association Anesthesiology Branch, the department receives anesthesia fellows and obstetric anesthesia specialists from across the country for training and guidance. It holds a national continuing education course on obstetric and gynecological anesthesia and analgesia annually. In recent years, the department has completed 1 National Natural Science Foundation project, more than 10 projects at the municipal and bureau level or above, published over 30 professional papers, and more than 20 SCI papers. The anesthesia team practices the concepts of "ideal anesthesia state," "precision anesthesia management," and "comfortable healthcare," continuously improving anesthesia capabilities and service levels so that patients, clinical surgical departments, and society as a whole can benefit from the development of the discipline. In recent years, the Department of Anesthesiology has received multiple collective honors, including the Advanced Collective of the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, the Advanced Party Member Demonstration Post of the Publicity Department of the Shanghai Municipal Committee, the Advanced Party Member Demonstration Post of the China Welfare Institute, the Civilized Team of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and the Civilized Team of the China Welfare Institute.