To provide more precise and effective diagnosis and treatment for patients with strabismus, amblyopia, and pediatric eye diseases, with strong support from the hospital and the Department of Ophthalmology, our hospital established the Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus and Amblyopia Discipline in 2017. This discipline has extensive clinical experience in the diagnosis and treatment of strabismus, amblyopia, and refractive errors in children (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism). Its diagnosis and treatment of various complex strabismus, diplopia, nystagmus, etc., are at the leading domestic or international level. Since its establishment, the discipline has vigorously promoted disciplinary development, established the Complex Strabismus Specialty Center and the Refractory Amblyopia Specialty Center, and formed a "four-in-one" team integrating medical care, scientific research, teaching, and public welfare in pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus and amblyopia. Expert and specialty clinics for strabismus, amblyopia, and pediatric eye diseases are offered daily at both the Baoqing Campus and the Pujiang Campus. Under the leadership of Professor Zhao Chen, deputy head of the Strabismus and Amblyopia Group of the Ophthalmology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and a recipient of the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars, the discipline currently has 1 chief physician, 6 associate chief physicians, 5 attending physicians, and 5 technicians. The average annual outpatient volume is nearly 100,000 patient visits, and the annual surgical volume is more than 5,000 procedures. The team has undertaken more than 10 national-level projects, including key projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and international cooperation projects, as well as 4 provincial and ministerial-level projects. It has published more than 100 SCI papers in well-known journals such as Circulation, JCI, PNAS, Advanced Science, Cell Reports, Ophthalmology, and JAMA Ophthalmology (more than 30 in CAS Zone 1). It has applied for 13 national patents, and its achievements have won the Second Prize of the Chinese Medical Science and Technology Award, the First Prize of the Shanghai Medical Science and Technology Award, the First Prize of the Shanghai Youth Science and Technology Outstanding Contribution Award, and the Third Prize of the Huaxia Medical Science and Technology Award. It has served as editor-in-chief or associate editor-in-chief for 9 professional books, including Strabismus Surgery: Innovations and Classic Procedures and Interpretation of Ophthalmology Clinical Guidelines: Esotropia and Exotropia. The discipline led the establishment of China's first multicenter research alliance for pediatric eye diseases (C-PEDIG) and has carried out 5 multicenter clinical trials (2 completed), providing Class I evidence-based medical evidence for the promotion and application of new technologies.