In 1844, the Department of Ophthalmology was established at Renji Hospital when the hospital was founded. Currently, Renji Ophthalmology serves as the Doctoral Program in Ophthalmology at Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, the Ophthalmology Specialty Site of Shanghai-Ottawa Joint Medical College, the Ophthalmology Specialty Site of Sino-French School of Surgery, the Ophthalmology Specialty Site of the National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, the Ophthalmology Base for Shanghai Standardized Residency Training, and the Ophthalmology Base for Shanghai Standardized Specialist Training. Renji Ophthalmology has independent outpatient units at the East Hospital (160 Pujian Road, Pudong New Area), West Hospital (145 Shandong Middle Road, Huangpu District), South Hospital (2000 Jiangyue Road, Minhang District), and Renji Ningbo Hospital (1155 Binhai 2nd Road, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay New Area), and routinely performs outpatient surgeries and inpatient surgeries (mainly day surgeries). The department routinely performs vitreoretinal surgery, phacoemulsification for cataract, femtosecond laser corneal refractive surgery, strabismus surgery, glaucoma surgery, lacrimal duct surgery, plastic surgery, orbital surgery, etc., and offers specialized outpatient clinics for fundus diseases, cataract, refractive errors, corneal diseases, glaucoma, strabismus and amblyopia, lacrimal duct diseases, ocular surface diseases, oculoplastics, orbital diseases, uveitis, and optic neuropathy. The department is equipped with advanced diagnostic and surgical equipment, including a fully equipped Constellation phacoemulsification and vitrectomy system, lacrimal endoscopy diagnosis and treatment system, swept-source OCT, OCTA, ultra-widefield fundus camera, multi-wavelength fundus laser machine, SLT laser machine, and visual electrophysiology instrument. It undertakes multiple research projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission, and Shanghai Municipal Health Commission. In recent years, the department has continuously organized national continuing education program courses, as well as academic conferences such as the Renji Ophthalmology Summit Forum and the Summit Forum of the Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Several physicians in the department hold positions in national and Shanghai ophthalmological academic organizations and academic journals.