The Operating Room of Peking University Third Hospital was established in 1958, with 7 operating rooms, 8 operating tables, and 7 nurses at that time. In 1961, the operating room had 8 nurses and began to accept visiting nurses for training, with an average of over 10 surgeries per day. In 1966, at the onset of the Cultural Revolution, operating room nurses were assigned to wards to jointly manage patients with surgeons, including preoperative preparation, surgery, and postoperative treatment and nursing care. After the Cultural Revolution ended, the number of operating rooms remained at 7, but to increase the turnover rate of surgical beds, the number of operating tables increased to 12, with two operating tables placed in each operating room, averaging over 20 surgeries per day. In 1988, the first test-tube baby in mainland China was born in the operating room. In 1991, the operating room was expanded to 11 operating rooms, with over 30 operating room nurses, averaging over 20 surgeries per day. In 1998, the operating room was further expanded to 15 rooms, with over 40 nurses, averaging over 30 surgeries per day. In 2005, the Surgical Building was launched, increasing the operating rooms to 25, with over 70 nurses, averaging over 90 surgeries per day. Through the arduous efforts of several generations of operating room staff, and under the guidance of scientific and efficient management and advanced concepts, the Operating Room of Peking University Third Hospital is now developing into a vibrant and progressive advanced department. Currently, the operating room comprises 11 surgical zones, with a total of 72 operating rooms, including 3 integrated operating rooms and 2 digital operating rooms. There are currently over 200 operating room nurses. Under the model of efficient operation and safe management, the surgical volume reached over 90,000 cases in 2024, with an average daily surgical volume of 300 cases. The surgical volume has been increasing year by year, with a growth of 1.81% in 2024 compared to 2023, achieving "zero" errors and "zero" accidents in surgery. Under the care and guidance of leaders at all levels, the operating room continues to advance and develop, inheriting the essence of the department's existing culture, and has achieved outstanding results in nursing research, services, and culture.