The Department of Urology at Peking University Third Hospital was established in 1958. Through the unremitting efforts of successive department directors, including Professors Yang Wenzhi, Chen Zhongxin, Ma Lulin, and Zhang Shudong, it has developed into a large-scale urological diagnosis and treatment center integrating clinical practice, scientific research, and education, enjoying a prestigious reputation nationwide. It is currently designated as a National Key Clinical Specialty Construction Project by the National Health Commission, an Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Training Base, a National Key Discipline of the Ministry of Education, a Key Discipline Construction Project of Peking University Third Hospital, and a doctoral degree-granting unit for surgery at Peking University. The department currently has 42 full-time physicians, 7 doctoral supervisors, 11 master's supervisors, and 95 standard inpatient beds, with an annual surgical volume exceeding 4,000 cases, including nearly 500 robot-assisted laparoscopic surgeries per year. The department comprises 18 medical groups: adrenal disease group, renal tumor group, upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma group, bladder cancer group, stone group, kidney transplantation group, andrology group, and urodynamics group, etc., covering a broad spectrum of specialties with comprehensive and robust capabilities. The current department director and academic leader, Chief Physician Zhang Shudong, is a Professor at Peking University and doctoral supervisor, a member of the Minimally Invasive Surgery Group of the Chinese Urological Association under the Chinese Medical Association, a standing committee member of the Urological and Male Genital Tumor Professional Committee of the China Anti-Cancer Association, and a member of the Renal Cancer Expert Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology. He specializes in robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery for complex and difficult tumors and has been repeatedly invited to perform live surgical demonstrations at the CUA National Annual Meeting, minimally invasive surgery annual meetings, and various provincial and municipal academic conferences. He has led over 20 research projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Beijing Natural Science Foundation, and the National Health Commission. He has received honors including the "Rising Star Award" from the World Chinese Urological Society and the Young Professional Excellence Award from Peking University Health Science Center. The former department director, Professor Ma Lulin, is a Second-Level Professor at Peking University, doctoral supervisor, and Vice President of Beijing Haidian Hospital. He serves as a standing committee member of the Chinese Urological Association under the Chinese Medical Association and Deputy Head of its Oncology Group, Vice Chairman of the Urology Professional Committee of the Beijing Medical Association, former Head of the Kidney Transplantation Group of the Chinese Urological Association, Head of the Chinese Collaborative Group for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma with Inferior Vena Cava Tumor Thrombus, Deputy Editor-in-Chief of the *Chinese Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery*, and Executive Editorial Board Member of the *Chinese Journal of Urology*. He is a leading national expert in laparoscopic urology, complex and difficult tumors, inferior vena cava tumor thrombus management, and kidney transplantation, with superb surgical skills and international recognition. The overall disciplinary development goal of the Department of Urology at Peking University Third Hospital is to become an internationally renowned urological diagnosis, treatment, and research center, leading disciplinary advancement in areas such as the diagnosis and treatment of renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus, nephron-sparing surgery for complex renal tumors, and comprehensive management of prostate cancer. The department currently operates an independent urological research laboratory and a clinical biospecimen bank, staffed with 3 full-time research personnel. Major research projects include clinical and basic research on renal cell carcinoma and tumor thrombus, precision medicine research on prostate cancer and bladder cancer, artificial intelligence and radiomics research on urological tumors, and clinical and basic translational research on male reproductive system diseases. In terms of scientific research, the Department of Urology at Peking University Third Hospital has an independent laboratory where multiple basic and translational research projects have been conducted. The department has led 20 projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, 1 National Key Clinical Specialty Construction Project of the National Health Commission, 4 key research and development projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology, 1 National Science and Technology Support Program project, 1 National 973 Evidence-Based Medicine Fund project, 1 National 211 Project fund, as well as multiple provincial/ministerial and Peking University research projects, with total funding exceeding 20 million RMB. Under the leadership of successive department directors, the department has compiled or edited over 10 urological monographs, published more than 900 scientific papers, including over 220 SCI-indexed papers in international journals. Significant research findings have been published in internationally recognized high-quality journals such as *Advanced Materials*, *Nature Communications*, and *Oncogene*, with the highest single-paper impact factor exceeding 30. The department has led or contributed to the development of 9 clinical guidelines, authored or co-authored 62 professional books, and obtained 32 patents. It has participated in 81 phase III and phase IV clinical trials of new drugs and 11 clinical device development projects. The department maintains long-term close academic collaborations with several renowned international institutions, including the MD Anderson Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, yielding fruitful research outcomes. After more than six decades of development, the Department of Urology at Peking University Third Hospital has reached maturity. The older generation worked diligently and made outstanding contributions to the discipline, while the new generation carries forward the legacy with a sense of mission and honors the spirit of their predecessors. Under the leadership of Professor Zhang Shudong, the department is advancing simultaneously in clinical research, basic science, and translational medicine through efforts in platform development, talent cultivation, subspecialty construction, and domestic and international collaboration, striving to become an internationally renowned research-oriented urology department.